GENERAL INFORMATION ........................... 1. Dataset title: Dataset_Botryosphaeriaceae_family_avocado_Spain. 2. Authors:María Crespo, Lucía Guirado-Manzano, David Sarmiento, Emilio Guirado, Antonio de Vicente, Dolores Fernández-Ortuño, Francisco M. Cazorla, Eva Arrebola 3. Author contact information: Eva Arrebola (ead@uma.es) METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION ................................. 1. Description of the methods for collection/generation of data: - To identify the causal agent of these symptoms, surveys have been carried out on avocado farms in the most affected areas, including Malaga and Granada. The surveys were carried out mainly in 2019, although several more verification surveys were carried out in 2020 and 2022. A total of 252 isolates were recovered from trees with symptoms of disease, of which Neofusicoccum parvum, Neofusicoccum luteum, and Lasiodiplodia sp. were identified as the main causative agents of symptoms compatible with dieback disease. Pathogenicity experiments in plants, branches, and fruits confirmed these fungal agents as causal agents since they reproduce the symptoms found in diseased avocado crops. - Bibliographic citation of the article from which these research data have been generated: -Arjona-Girona, I., Ruano-Rosa, D., López-Herrera, C.J. 2019. Identification, pathogenicity and distribution of the causal agent of dieback in avocado orchards in Spain. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 7 (1), e1003. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2019171-13561 -Hernández, D., García-Pérez, O., Perera, S., González-Carracedo, M.A., Rodríguez-Pérez, A., Siverio, F., 2023. Fungal pathogens associated with aerial symptoms of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain) focused on species of the family Botryosphaeriaceae. Microorganism 11, 585 https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030585. -Lübeck, P.S., Alekhina, I.A., Lübeck, M., Bulat, S.A., 1998. UP-PCR genotyping and rDNA analysis of Ascochyta pisi Lib. J. Phytopathol. 146, 51-55. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.1998.tb04749.x - White, T.J., Bruns, T.D., Lee, S.B., Taylor, J.W., 1990. Amplification and Direct Sequencing of Fungal Ribosomal RNA Genes for Phylogenetics. In: Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J. and White, T.J., Eds., PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications, Academic Press, New York, 315-322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1 2. Data processing methods - Collection of diseased samples and fungal isolation Field surveys were carried out in avocado orchards from March to October 2019, June to July 2020, and June 2022 in Andalusia (Spain). The samples were collected from avocado trees with clear symptoms of dieback. Twenty-eight different farms located in the Axarquia region (Málaga East), the Granada coast, and Huelva were evaluated in the study, and four to eight plant samples were taken from each farm. - DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and sequencing After 5 days of mycelial growth at 25ºC on PDA plates, the cultures were subjected to DNA extraction via the alkaline lysis method. The identification of the 172 selected isolates was carried out by amplification and sequencing of the ITS region and the primers β-Tubulin. Genotyping was performed via Universal Primer (UP-PCR) to confirm the Neofusicoccum sp. species in 172 selected isolates using the primer, AA2M2. - Pathogenicity test of representative isolates on avocado A representative group of ten pathogenic isolates was selected from the total isolates obtained and tested in three different systems: i) avocado plants of the 1-year-old Hass cultivar, ii) detached stems 10 cm in length and maintained in a humidity-saturated environment, and iii) Hass avocado fruit. 3. Software or instruments needed to interpret the data: - Statistical analysis The data analyses were performed with SigmaPlot 12.0 for Windows (Grafiti LLC., Palo Alto, CA, United States). 4. Standards and calibration information, if appropriate: Not applicable 5. Environmental or experimental conditions: - Pathogenicity test of representative isolates on avocado The results were obtained after incubation in humidity-saturated chambers for one month at 25ºC and a consistent light cycle (16 h light and 8 h dark). FILE OVERVIEW ---------------------- The dataset is distributed in five files in .pdf and .xlsx formats. This provides information on: - Botryosphaeria from field (.pdf) - Isolates by farm (.pdf) - Pathogenesis-Fruits (.xlsx) - Pathogenesis-Stems (.xlsx) - Seedling trial (.pdf) DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION: ------------------------------------------- 1. Name File: Botryosphaeria from field 1.1. Variables list: Variable name: Species (Especie) Description: Fungal specie identification from avocado sample obtained from open field Units of measure or value labels: Quantitative values ​​expressed as the number of samples containing Botryosphaeria versus the total number of samples. Variable name: Fields (Fincas trops) Description: Name of the farms from which the avocado samples were obtained Variable name: Nurseries (Viveros) Description: Name of the nurseries from which avocado samples were taken, as well as the number of samples taken. 1.2. Codes or symbols: Code or symbol: No specific codes have been used 1.3. Special formats or abbreviations used: Not applicable 2. Name File: Isolates by farms 2.1. Variables list: Variable name: Date Description: Date on which the sampling was carried out Variable name: Farm Description: Name of the farm where the sampling was carried out Variable name: Symptoms Description:Symptoms presented by the plant from which the sample was taken Variable name: Isolates Description: Name of the fungal isolate obtained from the sample Variable name: Fungal species Description: Identification of the species of the isolate obtained by sequencing the ITS region 2.2. Codes or symbols: No specific codes have been used 2.3. Special formats or abbreviations used: Abbreviations used to name farms: Sarmiento (S), Nistrica (N), Salsa agrícola (Sa), Flores (F), Brokaw (B), Blanco (Bl), La Señorita (Se), Rio Seco (Rs), Santiago Pardo (P), La Mayora (M), La Campiñuela (Ca), Miguel Guitérrez (MG), Vela (Ve), Huerta Valle (Hu), Las Coplas (Co), Provelpack (Pr), Salsa Natura (Sn), El Broker (Bk), Los Cerros (Ce), Agrojete (A), La Ventolera (Lv), Francisco Gallego (Fg), Barranco (Ba), Mirallanos (Mi), La Señorita (Se), La Arboleda (Ar), María Alex (Ma), Antonio Mesa (AM), Los Arcos (LA), Huelva (H), La Alegría (L). 3.1. Variables list: Pathogenesis-Fruits Variable name: peduncle infection (Infección del pedúnculo) Description:Number of fruits that have developed symptoms after infection by the different isolates Units of measure or value labels: quantitative values ​​from 0 to 3 Variable name: Incidence % (% Incidencia) Description: Percentage of affected fruits Units of measure or value labels: Data from the previous variable (number of fruits affected) Variable name: Severity (Severidad) Description: Degree of affectation of the infected fruit Units of measure or value labels: values ​​established by categories 3.2. Codes or symbols: No specific codes have been used 3.3. Special formats or abbreviations used: Category 0, not affected; Category 1, less than 25% affected; Category 2, 50% affected; Category 3, more than 50% affected 4.1. Variables list: Pathogenesis-Stems Variable name: Treatment (Tratamiento) Description: Isolate chosen for stem inoculation Variable name: Lesion cm Description: Size in centimeters of the necrotic lesion caused in the stem Units of measure or value labels: centimeters 4.2. Codes or symbols: No specific codes have been used 4.3. Special formats or abbreviations used: Not applicable 5.1. Variables list: Seedling trial Variable name: Isolates Description: Name of the fungal isolate obtained from the sample Variable name: up (%) Description: Percentage of isolates obtained from the fraction above the inoculation point Variable name: Medium (%) Description: Percentage of isolates obtained from the inoculation point Variable name: down (%) Description: Percentage of isolates obtained from the fraction below the inoculation point Variable name: Identification and Re-Identification Description: Species of the fungal isolate chosen for inoculation (Identification) and species of the fungal isolate obtained from the inoculation point (Re-identification) 5.2. Codes or symbols: No specific codes have been used 5.3. Special formats or abbreviations used: Not applicable ... MORE INFORMATION ------------------- [Include any other information about the dataset that is not reflected in this template and that you consider relevant. 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