Bosques Mediterráneos suribéricos (Málaga, Andalucía): grupos funcionales y biogeografía

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Se ha realizado un estudio de los tipos de bosque del sur de la Península Ibérica, escogiendo la provincia de Málaga como representativa. El objetivo es catalogar los bosques a partir de bases de datos y capas SIG de vegetación, reuniéndolos en grupos funcionales. Se han utilizado atributos ecológicos (litología, bioclimatología), biogeográficos y funcionales. Se han identificado 16 tipos principales que agrupan 37 asociaciones fitosociológicas; todos aparecen en la Directiva de “Hábitats”. La distribución de los bosques es desigual entre los sectores biogeográficos, destacando por diversidad y endemicidad el sector Aljíbico; el Bermejense destacó por su total endemicidad. Los 37 tipos de bosque pueden reunirse en diez grupos funcionales, pudiendo reducirse a cinco, modulados fundamentalmente por el sustrato edáfico, lo que podría utilizarse para simplificar su gestión y su clasificación. ABSTRACT A study about forest types in the southern of the Iberian Peninsula has been carried out, selecting the province of Malaga as representative area. The objective is to record the forests from databases and GIS layers of vegetation, bringing them into functional groups. Ecological attributes (lithology, bioclimatology), biogeographical and functional attributes have been used. We have found 16 main types that group 37 phytosociological associations; all of them appear in the Habitats Directive. The distribution of the forests is unequal among the biogeographic sectors, emphasizing by diversity and endemicity the Aljíbico sector; the Bermejense stood out for its total endemicity. The 37 forest types can be grouped into ten functional groups, being reduced to five, mainly modulated by the soil substrate, which could be used to simplify their management and classification.

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