Antena de parche no recíproca usando modulaciones temporales.

Abstract

This work presents the study of a non-reciprocal patch antenna based on a design from the literature that employs time modulation through varactors. The introduction of these nonlinear elements enables frequency conversion and breaks Lorentz reciprocity. This symmetry breaking opens up new possibilities, such as allowing an antenna array to exhibit different radiation patterns in transmission and reception, which, by adding a circulator, could enable simultaneous operation in both modes. A comprehensive simulation of the antenna is performed to identify the modifications required for optimal temporal modulation. As a main contribution, a novel feeding topology incorporating specialized filters is introduced. This proposed design outperforms existing state-of-the-art architectures by drastically reducing the required modulation voltage and enhancing the overall transmission efficiency. Furthermore, validating the complex non-linear behavior of this system presents a significant technical challenge. This is successfully addressed by implementing an advanced co-simulation framework between Ansys HFSS and Keysight ADS. Utilizing tools such as Transient, Harmonic Balance, and Large Signal S-Parameter Simulation (LSSP) analyses, the enhanced performance and correct operation of the proposed antenna are rigorously verified.