Characterisation of 18Ni 300 steel CT specimens in a fatigue test manufactured by selective laser melting at 0°, 45° and 90°

Abstract

Maraging steel, 18Ni300, is a high-performance material that shows promising potential for various industrial applications. Selective Laser Melting is utilized in the manufacturing of high-value components. Understanding the fatigue mechanisms of this material is imperative, as its fatigue life is influenced by both surface and internal porosity, as well as defects produced when manufacturing the objects due to the patterns used. The main objective is to analyze the characterization of these pores and clarify their relationship with the fatigue properties of the material under study. Compact tension specimens were manufactured by selective laser melting at three angles (0°, 45° and 90°) with respect to the crack growing direction and fatigue tests were performed. A study of the porosity of the sample was conducted, which established a correlation between the printing angle, growing rate (da/dN curves), and the porosity that is categorised through the aspect ratio and the circularity ratio. It is shown that all manufacturing orientations generate similar pore sizes and area, but the 45° orientation induces pore with slightly higher circularity ratio. The results indicate that the faster fatigue crack growth might be linked to the slight increase in pore area and circularity, and this was observed for 45°.