How much static storage capacity is needed to maximize the profitability of an energy community with electric vehicles?

Abstract

An energy community with photovoltaic (PV) generation, Electric Vehicles (EVs), static storage and grid connection is considered. The problem of sizing (PV, static battery and grid connection) and operation of the community is addressed. The problem is posed as a two stage stochastic linear optimization problem with uncertainty, modeled through scenarios, in demand, energy prices and PV generation. The objective function is to minimize the total cost (investment + operation). The main question is how much static battery storage (endogenous variable) is needed in addition to the storage provided by the EVs. The EVs batteries size are data. The effect of demand side management is also studied, and a sensitivity analysis is performed on the amortization cost of PV and the static storage. Results are illustrated on a community with 11 homes and 11 EVs.