Efficacy of neurofeedback in the treatment of Dyslexia: a systematic review

Abstract

Dyslexia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that impairs the learning and proficiency of reading and writing processes, persisting throughout the individual’s life. Most interventions are educational in nature, but studies published over the last decade suggest that Neurofeedback may serve as a substantial complement to improving reading skills. The primary objective was to analyze the efficacy of various protocols used within Neurofeedback techniques for the treatment of reading impairments. A total of 12 research articles related to Neurofeedback treatment in populations with reading process impairments were selected. The PRISMA guidelines were followed in conducting this study. The inclusion criteria were: (I) Participants diagnosed with dyslexia, (II) Neurofeedback-based interventions, (III) Articles written in Spanish or English, and (IV) Articles published within the last 20 years. Based on these criteria, a total of 12 research articles related to Neurofeedback treatment in populations with reading process impairments were selected. The results from the selected research articles revealed that Neurofeedback techniques alone do not present a significant benefit in improving reading skills in the dyslexic population. Additionally, the heterogeneity of research designs in the articles addressing this topic was highlighted, which complicated the determination of an unbiased criterion regarding the efficacy of such interventions. Currently, there is no significant evidence to determine the efficacy of Neurofeedback interventions in the dyslexic population. Further refinement of intervention methods and the development of cutting-edge technology are necessary to increase evidence regarding the effectiveness of these treatments for dyslexia.