RT Journal Article T1 A Gesture Recognition Algorithm for Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery. A1 López-Casado, Carmen A1 Bauzano-Núñez, Enrique A1 Rivas-Blanco, Irene A1 Pérez-del-Pulgar-Mancebo, Carlos Jesús A1 Muñoz-Martínez, Víctor Fernando K1 Laparoscopia K1 Cirugía - Innovaciones tecnológicas K1 Aprendizaje automático (Inteligencia artificial) AB Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques are growing in quantity and complexity to cover a wider range of interventions. More specifically, hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS) involves the use of one surgeon’s hand inside the patient whereas the other one manages a single laparoscopic tool. In this scenario, those surgical procedures performed with an additional tool require the aid of an assistant. Furthermore, in the case of a human–robot assistant pairing a fluid communication is mandatory. This human–machine interaction must combine both explicit orders and implicit information from the surgical gestures. In this context, this paper focuses on the development of a hand gesture recognition system for HALS. The recognition is based on a hidden Markov model (HMM) algorithm with an improved automated training step, which can also learn during the online surgical procedure by means of a reinforcement learning process. PB MDPI YR 2019 FD 2019-11-26 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/33443 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/33443 LA eng NO López-Casado, C.; Bauzano, E.; Rivas-Blanco, I.; Pérez-del-Pulgar, C.J.; Muñoz, V.F. A Gesture Recognition Algorithm for Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery. Sensors 2019, 19, 5182. NO DPI2016-80391-C3-R DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga RD 19 ene 2026