RT Journal Article T1 UTD-PO Solutions for the Analysis of Multiple Diffraction by Trees and Buildings When Assuming Spherical-Wave Incidence A1 Rodríguez, José-Víctor A1 Martínez-Inglés, María-Teresa A1 Molina Garcia-Pardo, Jose-Maria A1 Juan-Llácer, Leandro A1 Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Ignacio K1 Sistemas de comunicaciones móviles AB This paper presents two uniform theories of diffraction–physical optics (UTD-PO) formulationsto undertake analysis of radiowave multiple diffraction resulting from the presence ofboth buildings and trees in vegetated urban areas, with the assumption of spherical-wave incidence.The solutions presented consider buildings modeled as knife-edges and rectangular sections (thelatter being more complex and realistic) and the effect of the tree canopy (the assumption is thatthis exceeds the height of the average rooftop) is taken into account by adding proper attenuationfactors/phasors to building diffraction phenomena. The validation of these formulations has beenundertaken by comparing with other methods and measurements performed at 39 GHz on a scaledmodelof the environment under analysis, consisting of an array of bricks and bonsai trees. The chiefadvantage of the solutions put forward is that because of recursion, the calculations only includesingle diffractions. This avoids any requirement for higher-order diffraction terms in the diffractioncoefficients, which means less computer time/power is demanded. The results of this work may beuseful when planning future mobile communication systems, including 6G networks and beyond. YR 2023 FD 2023-02-10 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/35797 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/35797 LA eng NO Rodríguez, J.-V.; Martínez-Inglés, M.-T.; Garcia-Pardo, J.-M.M.; Juan-Llácer, L.; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, I. UTD-PO Solutions for the Analysis of Multiple Diffraction by Trees and Buildings When Assuming Spherical-Wave Incidence. Electronics 2023, 12, 899. https://doi.org/10.3390/ electronics12040899 NO Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga RD 19 ene 2026