RT Journal Article T1 Effect of an early intervention program for oral and written language on the reasoning ability of students at risk of learning disabilities. A1 Martín-Ruiz, Isaías A1 González-Valenzuela, María José K1 Lectura - Problemas de aprendizaje K1 Razonamiento (Psicología) K1 Escritura K1 Lenguaje y educación K1 Didáctica AB The relationship of certain cognitive processes with oral and written language is frequently studied, however, there is not enough research that tries to clarify the directionality of these relationships, especiallyin students with learning difficulties. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of an early interventionprogram for oral and written language on reasoning in pupils at risk of presenting learning disabilities. The program aims to prioritize and systematize the teaching of oral and written language throughthe ordinary school curriculum, through five instructional components: alphabetic principle, awarenessphonology, reading and writing fluency, vocabulary, and text comprehension. A total of 53 girls and boysat risk of presenting learning difficulties have participated, from four to six years of age. A mixed andlongitudinal research design with repeated measures has been followed, with four phases of evaluationand three of intervention, two groups of pupils (instructed vs. not instructed) and three study variables(reasoning, classification and seriation). The evaluation of these variables has been through test of classification and seriation, with adequate validity and reliability. The instructed group has obtained betterscores in reasoning, classification and seriation than the non-instructed group throughoutthe applicationof the program. The efficacy of early, systematic and planned intervention of oral and written languageis highlighted as a way to improve certain cognitive abilities in subjects at risk of learning difficulties. PB Elsevier España YR 2023 FD 2023-10-09 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/30921 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/30921 LA spa NO Martín-Ruiz, I., & González-Valenzuela, M.-J. (2024). Effect of an early intervention program for oral and written language on the reasoning ability of students at risk of learning disabilities. Revista de Psicodidáctica (English Ed.), 29(1), 69–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psicoe.2023.10.001 NO This research was funded by the SEJ 521 “Learning Disabilities and Developmental Alterations” research group as part of Andalusia’s Research Plan (Junta de Andalucía). DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga RD 19 ene 2026