RT Journal Article T1 Measures for enhancing auditor independence: perceptions of spanish non-professional investors and auditors A1 Quick, Reiner A1 Sánchez-Toledano, Daniel David A1 Sánchez-Toledano, Joaquín Ignacio K1 Auditoría K1 Empresas auditoras K1 Responsabilidad social de la empresa K1 Ética empresarial AB Auditors fulfill a crucial societal role by increasing the credibility of financial reports, which requires that appropriate audit quality be provided and auditors are factually independent and perceived as such. So far, regulators and researchers have focused on a few measures for improving independence, namely the prohibition of non-audit services (NAS), audit firm and audit partner rotation, and joint audits. Despite these regulatory initiatives, accounting scandals still happen, and the independence of the auditors involved is questioned. Therefore, this explorative study aims to identify alternative measures that may strengthen auditor independence. Non-professional investors and auditors participated in a survey to identify promising independence-enhancing measures.Surprisingly, not only non-professional investors but also auditors support the implementation of many instruments. Non-professional investors rate measures related to oversight, controls, and sanctions as particularly useful. Likewise, auditors perceive measures for oversight and control as helpful but rank most sanctions lower than non-professional investors. They also support a stricter civil liability and rank some direct independence-improving measures as highly useful. Overall, the participants perceive a greater need for improving the independence of public interest entity (PIE) auditors.This explorative study widens the research horizon by adding alternative measures for improving independence in appearance. Thus, researchers may identify promising avenues for future research. Also, the paper is of interest to regulators and potentially helps in setting independence standards. Auditors and audit committees can identify opportunities for taking voluntary actions to ensure factual and perceived auditor independence. PB Elsevier YR 2024 FD 2024 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/31642 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/31642 LA eng NO Reiner Quick, Daniel Sánchez Toledano, Joaquín Sánchez Toledano, Measures for enhancing auditor independence: Perceptions of spanish non-professional investors and auditors, European Research on Management and Business Economics, Volume 30, Issue 2, 2024, 100250, ISSN 2444-8834, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2024.100250. NO Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBUA DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga RD 20 ene 2026