RT Journal Article T1 Serial disparity in the carnivoran backbone unveil a complex adaptive role in metameric evolution. A1 Figueirido-Castillo, Francisco Borja A1 Martín-Serra, Alberto A1 Pérez-Ramos, Alejandro A1 Velasco, David A1 Pastor, Francisco J. A1 Benson, Roger J. K1 Columna vertebral - Evolución K1 Carnívoros AB Organisms comprise multiple interacting parts, but few quantitative studies have analysed multi-element systems, limiting understanding of phenotypic evolution. We investigate how disparity of vertebral morphology varies along the axial column of mammalian carnivores — a chain of 27 subunits — and the extent to which morphological variation have been structured by evolutionary constraints and locomotory adaptation. We find that lumbars and posterior thoracics exhibit high individual disparity but low serial differentiation. They are pervasively recruited into locomotory functions and exhibit relaxed evolutionary constraint. More anterior vertebrae also show signals of locomotory adaptation, but nevertheless have low individual disparity and constrained patterns of evolution, characterised by low-dimensional shape changes. Our findings demonstrate the importance of the thoracolumbar region as an innovation enabling evolutionary versatility of mammalian locomotion. Moreover, they underscore the complexity of phenotypic macroevolution of multi-element systems and that the strength of ecomorphological signal does not have a predictable influence on macroevolutionary outcomes YR 2021 FD 2021 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/32660 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/32660 LA eng NO Figueirido B, Martín-Serra A, Pérez-Ramos A, Velasco D, Pastor FJ, Benson RBJ. 2021. Serial disparity in the carnivoran backbone unveil a complex adaptive role in metameric evolution. Communications Biology 4: 863 DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga RD 19 ene 2026