RT Journal Article
T1 Performance Evaluation of UOWC Systems from an Empirical Channel Model Approach for Air Bubble-Induced Scattering
A1 Salcedo-Serrano, Pedro
A1 Boluda-Ruiz, Rubén
A1 Garrido-Balsells, José María
A1 Castillo-Vázquez, Beatriz
A1 Puerta-Notario, Antonio
A1 García-Zambrana, Antonio
K1 Agua
K1 Ondas
AB Underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) systems provide the potential to establish secure high-data-rate communication links in underwater environments. The uniqueness of oceanic impairments, such as absorption, scattering, oceanic turbulence, and air bubbles demands accurate statistical channel models based on empirical measurements for the development of UOWC systems adapted to different types of water and link conditions. Recently, generalized Gamma and a mixture of two generalized Gamma probability density functions (PDF) were proposed to describe the statistical behavior of small and large air bubbles, respectively, when considering several levels of particle-induced scattering. In this paper, we derive novel closed-form analytic expressions to compute the bit error rate (BER) and outage performance using both proposed PDFs for various scattering conditions. Furthermore, simple asymptotic expressions are obtained to determine the diversity order of each scenario. Monte Carlo simulation results verify the obtained theoretical expressions. Our results also reveal that UOWC systems present lower BER and outage performance under more turbid water cases with respect to the tap water case due to the higher diversity order and despite the significant increases in pathloss at short link distances. Particle-induced scattering provides an inherent mechanism of turbid waters to mitigate air bubble-induced fluctuations and light blockages.
PB MDPI
YR 2024
FD 2024-08-13
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/36339
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/36339
LA eng
NO Salcedo-Serrano, P.; Boluda-Ruiz, R.; Garrido-Balsells, J.M.; Castillo-Vázquez, B.; Puerta-Notario, A.; García-Zambrana, A. Performance Evaluation of UOWC Systems from an Empirical Channel Model Approach for Air Bubble-Induced Scattering. Sensors 2024, 24, 5232. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24165232
NO This work was funded in part by the Universidad de Málaga; in part by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades under Grant FPU22/02183; and in part by the Plan Andaluz de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PAIDI) 2021, under Grant P21_00390.
DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga
RD 2 mar 2026