RT Journal Article
T1 Compositional Structure of the Genome: A Review.
A1 Bernaola-Galván, Pedro Ángel
A1 Carpena-Sánchez, Pedro Juan
A1 Gómez-Martín, Cristina
A1 Oliver, José L.
K1 Genoma humano
AB As the genome carries the historical information of a species’ biotic and environmentalinteractions, analyzing changes in genome structure over time by using powerful statistical physicsmethods (such as entropic segmentation algorithms, fluctuation analysis in DNA walks, or measuresof compositional complexity) provides valuable insights into genome evolution. Nucleotide frequenciestend to vary along the DNA chain, resulting in a hierarchically patchy chromosome structurewith heterogeneities at different length scales that range from a few nucleotides to tens of millions ofthem. Fluctuation analysis reveals that these compositional structures can be classified into three maincategories: (1) short-range heterogeneities (below a few kilobase pairs (Kbp)) primarily attributedto the alternation of coding and noncoding regions, interspersed or tandem repeats densities, etc.;(2) isochores, spanning tens to hundreds of tens of Kbp; and (3) superstructures, reaching sizes oftens of megabase pairs (Mbp) or even larger. The obtained isochore and superstructure coordinates inthe first complete T2T human sequence are now shared in a public database. In this way, interestedresearchers can use T2T isochore data, as well as the annotations for different genome elements, tocheck a specific hypothesis about genome structure. Similarly to other levels of biological organization,a hierarchical compositional structure is prevalent in the genome. Once the compositionalstructure of a genome is identified, various measures can be derived to quantify the heterogeneityof such structure. The distribution of segment G+C content has recently been proposed as a newgenome signature that proves to be useful for comparing complete genomes. Another meaningfulmeasure is the sequence compositional complexity (SCC), which has been used for genome structurecomparisons. [...]
PB MDPI
YR 2023
FD 2023-06-13
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/27114
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/27114
LA eng
NO Bernaola-Galván P, Carpena P, Gómez-Martín C, Oliver JL. Compositional Structure of the Genome: A Review. Biology. 2023; 12(6):849. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12060849
NO Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga
DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga
RD 20 mar 2026