RT Journal Article T1 Leaving no country behind: a fuzzy approach for human development. A1 García-Pardo, Francisca A1 Pérez-Moreno, Salvador Jesús A1 Bárcena-Martín, Elena María K1 Conjuntos difusos K1 Desarrollo económico y social AB ‘Leaving no one behind’ (LNOB) constitutes one of the core principles underpinning the2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. We propose a complementary fuzzy logicapproach to identify countries left behind in human development and each of itsdimensions. We find that the countries left furthest behind at the beginning of the centurywere those that most reduced gaps with respect to better performing countries after twodecades. Nevertheless, we cannot clearly speak of convergence in human development.There are notable exceptions, such as the Central African Republic, Liberia, Yemen, Haitior Venezuela, which despite the improvement in their Human Development Indexworryingly increased their gaps in human development dimensions relative to the rest ofthe world. Our analysis highlights significant advantages of using the proposed fuzzybased LNOB approach to incorporate the moral imperative of leaving no country behindin the measurement of human development. PB Taylor & Francis YR 2023 FD 2023 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/31325 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/31325 LA spa NO García-Pardo, F., Pérez-Moreno, S., & Bárcena-Martín, E. (2023). Leaving no Country Behind: A Fuzzy Approach for Human Development. Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, 24(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/19452829.2022.2104824 NO Política de acceso abierto tomada de: https://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/id/publication/5623 DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga RD 21 ene 2026