RT Journal Article T1 Experimental performance analysis of a packaged R290 refrigeration unit retrofitted with R170 for ultra-low temperature freezing T2 Analyse expérimentale des performances d'un groupe frigorifique monobloc au R290 converti au R170 pour la congélation à très basse température A1 Rodríguez-Criado, Juan Carlos A1 Expósito-Carrillo, José Antonio A1 Peris-Pérez, Bernardo A1 Domínguez-Muñoz, Fernando K1 Ingeniería térmica K1 Criogenia K1 Hidrocarburos AB While the global refrigeration capacity installed in ultra-low temperature applications is considerably lower than in standard refrigeration, the interest in such systems has risen during the last months due to their emerging demand for the preservation of mRNA vaccines. Several theoretical studies can be found in the literature for ultra-low temperature applications. However, there is still a lack of reliable experimental data that may be used for the models validation and, thereby, to perform more rigorous investigations. In light of this, the present manuscript proposes an ultra-low temperature refrigeration unit based on an indirect cascade system, developed by retrofitting a standard low-temperature R290 packaged unit. In this investigation, firstly, the suitability of the original components is assessed and, then, the unit is experimentally tested within a wide range of operating conditions. Thereby, the system’s reliability is evaluated by assessing different parameters, such as discharge, condensing and evaporating temperatures and performance ratios. The main results showed a successful behaviour at the operating conditions tested, exhibiting a COP that ranged from 0.6 to 1.6 for cold room temperatures between -80 ºC and -65 ºC, respectively. PB Elsevier YR 2021 FD 2021-11-24 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/39739 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/39739 LA eng NO International Journal of Refrigeration 134 (2022) 105–114 NO https://openpolicyfinder.jisc.ac.uk/id/publication/12611 DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga RD 20 ene 2026