RT Journal Article T1 Inertial sensor real-time feedback enhances the learning of cervical spine manipulation: a prospective study A1 Cuesta-Vargas, Antonio A1 Williams, Jonathan M K1 Vértebras cervicales - Fisioterapia AB Background: Cervical Spinal Manipulation (CSM) is considered a high-level skill of the central nervous system because it requires bimanual coordinated rhythmical movements therefore necessitating training to achieve proficiency. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of real-time feedback on the performance of CSM.Methods: Six postgraduate physiotherapy students attending a training workshop on Cervical Spine Manipulation Technique (CSMT) using inertial sensor derived real-time feedback participated in this study. The key variables were pre-manipulative position, angular displacement of the thrust and angular velocity of the thrust. Differences between variables before and after training were investigated using t-tests.Results: There were no significant differences after training for the pre-manipulative position (rotation p = 0.549; side bending p = 0.312) or for thrust displacement (rotation p = 0.247; side bending p = 0.314). Thrust angular velocity demonstrated a significant difference following training for rotation (pre-training mean (sd) 48.9°/s (35.1); post-training mean (sd) 96.9°/s (53.9); p = 0.027) but not for side bending (p = 0.521).Conclusion: Real-time feedback using an inertial sensor may be valuable in the development of specific manipulative skill. Future studies investigating manipulation could consider a randomized controlled trial using inertial sensor real time feedback compared to traditional training. PB BMC Springer Nature YR 2014 FD 2014-06-19 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/37870 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/37870 LA eng NO Cuesta-Vargas AI, Williams J. Inertial sensor real-time feedback enhances the learning of cervical spine manipulation: a prospective study. BMC Med Educ. 2014 Jun 19;14:120. doi: 10.1186/1472-6920-14-120. PMID: 24942483; PMCID: PMC4075507. DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga RD 20 ene 2026