RT Journal Article T1 A Survey of End-to-End Solutions for Reliable Low-Latency Communications in 5G Networks A1 Rico Marchena, Delia A1 Merino-Gómez, Pedro K1 TCP/IP (Protocolo de comunicaciones) AB Very low latency and high reliability are two of the main requirements for new applicationsexploiting 5G networks. This is the case for the remote operation of robots or vehicles, the autonomousinteraction of equipment in a factory, autonomous driving and tactile internet applications. Although theTCP/IP stack has been sufficient as the end-to-end solution for most of the history of the Internet, anumber of surveys have appeared recently presenting many different methods for managing the end-to-endcommunication to meet the requirements of various technologies such as that of 5G networks. In this paper,we present a novel classification of the literature focused on new end-to-end solutions and the creationof services towards the support of low latency (1 ms) and high reliability (10-9 error rate) in current andfuture 5G networks. We specifically highlight how the proposals can be classified according to enablingtechnologies and the specific method used to achieve success in terms of the latency and reliability. Theliterature related to end-to-end solutions for reliable low-latency communications are organized accordingto three main topics: (i) end-to-end protocols that improve communication in terms of latency and reli-ability, (ii) functionality or technologies implemented on the network to support the current demands, and(iii) application programming interfaces that enhance the correct utilization of those protocols and additionaltechnologies. PB IEEE SN 2169-3536 YR 2020 FD 2020-10-21 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/44653 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/44653 LA eng NO D. Rico and P. Merino, "A Survey of End-to-End Solutions for Reliable Low-Latency Communications in 5G Networks," in IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 192808-192834, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3032726 DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga RD 26 feb 2026