RT Journal Article T1 The ‘professional digital competence’: exploring the perspective of primary music teachers in Spain. A1 Mateos-Moreno, Daniel A1 Bravo Fuentes, Paloma K1 Investigación activa en educación K1 Música - Estudio y enseñanza AB The terms ‘Digital competence’ or ‘Professional digital competence’ are frequently used, yettheir understanding remains varied and elusive. Moreover, existing research in education heavilyfocuses on the study of digital competence among students, with comparatively limited attentiongiven to teachers. In this study, we aim to investigate primary music teachers’ perspectives on‘professional digital competence’ in Spain. This entails understanding their conceptualizationson (1) the term itself, (2) the cultivation of related skills and (3) its practical application withstudents. Additionally, we seek to compare primary music teachers’ viewpoints with those ofteachers from other subjects. Through a qualitative multi-case study involving purposeful samplingof 20 participants, the results suggest that our music teachers, regardless of their self-statedtechnological skills, possess a limited understanding of the ‘professional digital competence’and express negative or pessimistic beliefs towards its development and implementation.Furthermore, they feel compelled to use educational technology despite their reservations. Ourfindings similarly indicate that their beliefs are not meaningfully different from those of non-musicteachers in the same context. In discussing the implications, we suggest that these beliefs may leadto stress and anxiety among participants, necessitating support from educational administrators.Additionally, we propose that future research should further investigate both why and how ourparticipants feel/are pressured to use technology, and the particular disadvantages of technologyin music education identified in our analysis of their beliefs. PB SAGE YR 2023 FD 2023 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/32650 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/32650 LA eng NO Mateos-Moreno, D., & Bravo-Fuentes, P. (2023). The ‘professional digital competence’: Exploring the perspective of primary music teachers in Spain. International Journal of Music Education, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/02557614231219705 NO The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publicationof this article: This work was supported by the Spanish Research Agency (Agencia Estatal de Investigación,MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), under grant to Project Musihabitus (ref. PID2020 -118002RB-I00). DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga RD 21 ene 2026