RT Journal Article T1 Unsteady Propulsion of a Two-Dimensional Flapping Thin Airfoil in a Pulsating Stream. A1 Sánchez-Laulhe Cazorla, Ernesto A1 Fernández-Feria, Ramón A1 Ollero, Anibal K1 Aerodinámica K1 Vuelo AB The cruising velocity of animals, or robotic vehicles, that use flapping wings or fins to propel themselves is notconstant but oscillates around a mean value with an amplitude usually much smaller than the mean, and a frequencythat typically doubles the flapping frequency. Quantifying the effect that these velocity fluctuations may have onthe propulsion of a flapping and oscillating airfoil is of great relevance to properly modeling the self-propelledperformance of these animals or robotic vehicles. This is the objective of the present work, where the force andmoment that an oscillating stream exerts on a two-dimensional pitching and heaving airfoil are obtained analyticallyusing the vortical impulse theory in the linear potential flow limit. The thrust force of the flapping airfoil in a pulsatingstream in this limit is obtained here for the first time. The lift force and moment derived here contain new terms inrelation to the pioneering work by Greenberg (1947), which are shown quantitatively unimportant. The theoreticalresults obtained here are compared with existing computational data for flapping foils immersed in a stream withvelocity oscillating sinusoidally about a mean value. PB AIAA YR 2023 FD 2023-06-26 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/28023 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/28023 LA eng NO Unsteady Propulsion of a Two-Dimensional Flapping Thin Airfoil in a Pulsating Stream Ernesto Sanchez-Laulhe, Ramon Fernandez-Feria, and Anibal Ollero AIAA Journal 2023 61:10, 4391-4400 https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J062925 NO The authors acknowledge support from the Advanced Grant of the European Research Council GRIFFIN, Action 788247, and from the Junta de Andalucía, Spain, Grant UMA18-FEDER-JA-047. Ernesto Sanchez-Laulhe also acknowledges his predoctoral contract at the University of Malaga. DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga RD 19 ene 2026