RT Journal Article
T1 On the scattering-induced fading for optical wireless links through seawater: statistical characterization and its applications
A1 Salcedo-Serrano, Pedro
A1 Boluda-Ruiz, Rubén
A1 Garrido-Balsells, José María
A1 García-Zambrana, Antonio
A1 salcedo serrano, 
K1 Comunicaciones ópticas
K1 Fotónica
K1 Optoelectrónica
AB Recent research has shown that an accurate underwater channel characterization is necessary for underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) in order to improve its current limitations related to the achievable data rate and the link distance, as required in undersea optical networks. This paper presents a new statistical model to characterize the scattering effect in terms of a fading never considered before. In this way, the probability density function of the scattering-induced fading channel is derived by means of a Gamma distribution by using only one degree of freedom in clear ocean and coastal waters. The developed fading model is employed to compute the performance of UOWC systems in terms of bit error rate and outage probability along with turbulence-induced fading modeled by a Weibull distribution. The results prove that smaller diversity order values are achieved when scattering-induced fading is the dominant effect, i.e., when the condition is satisfied, where  and β1 are parameters related to the Gamma and Weibull distributions, respectively. Moreover, the optical power penalty due to scattering-induced fading is analytically evaluated in several turbulence conditions to provide a deeper insight. Optical power penalty values of up to 6 dB and 9 dB are achieved when compared with no scattering scenarios at moderate distances for clear ocean and coastal waters. As a key feature, scattering should be always considered in terms of fading for future designs of advanced UOWC systems. The analytical results are verified by Monte Carlo simulations.
PB Optica Publishing Group
YR 2021
FD 2021-11-08
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/36313
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/36313
LA eng
NO Pedro Salcedo-Serrano, Rubén Boluda-Ruiz, José María Garrido-Balsells, and Antonio García-Zambrana, "On the scattering-induced fading for optical wireless links through seawater: statistical characterization and its applications," Opt. Express 29, 37101-37116 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.439138
NO Programa Operativo I+D+i FEDER Andalucía 2014-2020 (P18-RTJ-3343); Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (PID2019-107792GB-I00).
DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga
RD 19 ene 2026