RT Journal Article T1 Random Errors in Broadband Characterization of the Propagation Constant of Transmission Lines Using Multiple Two-Port Measurements A1 Pérez-Escribano, Mario A1 Márquez-Segura, Enrique K1 Redes de banda ancha AB In this work, a comparison between three broadband methods used to estimate thepropagation constant of planar transmission lines is presented. The goal of this comparison is to studyhow possible random measurement errors can affect the use of the aforementioned methods commonlyused, since in ideal conditions the same solution is obtained from all of them. For this purpose, a sensitivityanalysis is carried out in order to study the similarities and differences and how errors in measured Sparametersand in line lengths affect the attenuation and the phase constant obtained from each method.Subsequently, a minimization approach that consists of a least-square estimation using a criteria to choosethe optimal line lengths is proposed to minimize measurement errors. Finally, an experiment has beendesigned, manufactured using microstrip transmission lines, and measured to validate the developed theory.Results corroborate the proposed theory and show an excellent agreement with electromagnetic simulationsin the 0.1- to 50-GHz frequency band, therefore assessing the suitability of the proposed error analysis. PB IEEE Access YR 2021 FD 2021 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10630/21355 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10630/21355 LA eng NO This work was supported in part by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, under Project ADDMATETEC2016-76070-C3-3-R (AEI/FEDER, UE), in part by the Spanish Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, under GrantFPU16/00246, and in part by Universidad de Málaga, under I Plan Propio de Investigación y Transferencia (C.1). DS RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga RD 19 ene 2026