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Do changes in microglial status underlie neurogenesis impairments and depressive-like behaviours induced by psychological stress? A systematic review in animal models Nieto-Quero, Andrea Chaves-Peña, Patricia Santín-Núñez, Luis Javier Pérez-Martín, Margarita Pedraza-Benítez, María del Carmen Neurobiología del desarrollo Psychosocial stress Neurogenesis Microglia Neuroinflammation Depression Animal models Systematic review Stress may have a negative effect on mental health and is the primary environmental risk factor in the aetiology of depression. Nevertheless, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this mood disorder remain poorly characterized. The hippocampus is a target structure of the adverse effects of stress, and hippocampal neuro- genesis plays a crucial role. However, we do not know the mechanisms by which stress impacts neurogenesis. Recent studies indicate that changes in neuroinflammation, primarily via microglial cells, may play an essential role in this process. However, the relationship between stress, microglial changes, and alterations in neurogenesis and their involvement in the development of depression is poorly characterized. For this reason, this systematic review aims to synthesise and evaluate current studies that have investigated the relationship between these variables. Taken together, the revised data, although not entirely conclusive, seem to suggest that microglial changes induced by psychological stress regulate neurogenesis and in turn may be responsible for the devel- opment of depressive-like behaviours, but other factors that influence these stressful experiences should not be dismissed. We would like to thank the University of Malaga/CBUA for the contribution to the payment of the open access charge. This study was supported by FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion ´ y Universidades – Agencia Estatal de Investigacion ´ (PSI 2017-83408-P) to C.P. and Ministerio de Universidades (FPU16/05308 to AN-Q). PC-P has been funded by the research project PSI 2017-83408- P as technician (CI-19-082). 2022-04-19T10:05:24Z 2022-04-19T10:05:24Z 2021-11 journal article VoR Nieto-Quero, Andrea ; Chaves-Peña, Patricia ; Santin-Nuñez, Luis Javier. Do changes in microglial status underlie neurogenesis impairments and depressive-like behaviours induced by psychological stress? A systematic review in animal models. Neurobiology of Stress Volume 15, November 2021, 100356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100356 https://hdl.handle.net/10630/23940 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100356 eng Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ open access application/pdf Elsevier