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      <dc:title>4D nanoimaging of early age cement hydration.</dc:title>
      <dc:creator>Shirani, Shiva</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Cuesta-García, Ana María</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Morales-Cantero, Alejandro</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Santacruz-Cruz, María Isabel</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Díaz, Ana</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Trtik, Pavel</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Holler, Mirko</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Rack, Alexander</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Lukic, Bratislav</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Brun, Emmanuel</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Salcedo, Inés R.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>García-Aranda, Miguel Ángel</dc:creator>
      <dc:subject>Cemento Portland</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Sistemas de imágenes</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Cristalografía por rayos</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Tomografía</dc:subject>
      <dc:description>Despite a century of research, our understanding of cement dissolution and&#xd;
precipitation processes at early ages is very limited. This is due to the lack of&#xd;
methods that can image these processes with enough spatial resolution,&#xd;
contrast and field of view. Here, we adapt near-field ptychographic nanotomography&#xd;
to in situ visualise the hydration of commercial Portland cement in a&#xd;
record-thick capillary. At 19 h, porous C-S-H gel shell, thickness of 500 nm,&#xd;
covers every alite grain enclosing a water gap. The spatial dissolution rate of&#xd;
small alite grains in the acceleration period, ∼100 nm/h, is approximately four&#xd;
times faster than that of large alite grains in the deceleration stage, ∼25 nm/h.&#xd;
Etch-pit development has also been mapped out. This work is complemented&#xd;
by laboratory and synchrotron microtomographies, allowing to measure the&#xd;
particle size distributionswith time. 4D nanoimagingwill allow mechanistically&#xd;
study dissolution-precipitation processes including the roles of accelerators&#xd;
and superplasticizers.</dc:description>
      <dc:date>2023-05-12T08:59:56Z</dc:date>
      <dc:date>2023-05-12T08:59:56Z</dc:date>
      <dc:date>2023-05-08</dc:date>
      <dc:type>journal article</dc:type>
      <dc:identifier>Shirani, Shiva &amp; Cuesta, Ana &amp; Morales, Alejandro &amp; Santacruz, Isabel &amp; Diaz, Ana &amp; Trtik, Pavel &amp; Holler, Mirko &amp; Rack, Alexander &amp; Lukić, Bratislav &amp; Brun, Emmanuel &amp; Salcedo, Inés &amp; Aranda, Miguel. (2023). 4D nanoimaging of early age cement hydration. Nature Communications. 14. 10.1038/s41467-023-38380-1</dc:identifier>
      <dc:identifier>https://hdl.handle.net/10630/26546</dc:identifier>
      <dc:identifier>10.1038/s41467-023-38380-1</dc:identifier>
      <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
      <dc:rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</dc:rights>
      <dc:rights>open access</dc:rights>
      <dc:rights>Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional</dc:rights>
      <dc:publisher>Springer Nature</dc:publisher>
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