2026-05-28T07:54:28Zhttps://riuma.uma.es/rest/oai/requestoai:riuma.uma.es:10630/291362026-02-03T11:10:27Zcom_10630_2254col_10630_37953
RIUMA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga
author
Muñoz-Chápuli-Oriol, Ramón
author
González-Doménech, Carmen María
2024-01-24T12:42:41Z
2024-01-24T12:42:41Z
2010-08-09
González-Domenech CM, Muñoz-Chápuli R. Molecular evolution of nitric oxide synthases in metazoans. Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics. 2010 Dec;5(4):295-301. doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2010.08.004
https://hdl.handle.net/10630/29136
10.1016/j.cbd.2010.08.004
Nitric oxide synthases (NOS), the enzymes responsible for the NO synthesis, are present in all eukaryotes. Three isoforms (neuronal, inducible and endothelial), encoded by different loci, have been described in vertebrates, although the endothelial isoform seems to be restricted to tetrapods. In invertebrates, a variety of NOS isoforms have been variably annotated as "inducible" or "neuronal", while others lack precise annotation. We have performed an exhaustive collection of the available NOS amino-acid sequences in order to perform a phylogenetic analysis. We hypothesized that the NOS isoforms reported in vertebrates derive from 1) different invertebrate NOS, 2) a single invertebrate ancestral gene, through an event related to the double whole genomic duplication that occurred at the origin of vertebrates, and 3) the endothelial form of NOS appeared late in the evolution of vertebrates, after the split of tetrapods and fishes. Our molecular evolution analysis strongly supports the second scenario, the three vertebrate NOS isoforms derived from a single ancestral invertebrate gene. Thus, the diverse NOS isoforms in invertebrates can be explained by events of gene duplication, but their characterization as "inducible" or "neuronal" should only be justified by physiological features, since they are evolutionarily unrelated to the homonym isoforms of vertebrates.
eng
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
Evolución química
Oxido nítrico
Metazoos
Molecular evolution of nitric oxide synthases in metazoans.
journal article
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