<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-05-27T05:35:50Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:riuma.uma.es:10630/30209" metadataPrefix="mods">https://riuma.uma.es/rest/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:riuma.uma.es:10630/30209</identifier><datestamp>2026-02-03T11:00:50Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_10630_2254</setSpec><setSpec>col_10630_37953</setSpec></header><metadata><mods:mods xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-1.xsd">
   <mods:name>
      <mods:namePart>Garashchuk, Anna</mods:namePart>
   </mods:name>
   <mods:name>
      <mods:namePart>Isla-Castillo, Fernando</mods:namePart>
   </mods:name>
   <mods:name>
      <mods:namePart>Podadera-Rivera, Pablo</mods:namePart>
   </mods:name>
   <mods:extension>
      <mods:dateAvailable encoding="iso8601">2024-02-08T17:34:00Z</mods:dateAvailable>
   </mods:extension>
   <mods:extension>
      <mods:dateAccessioned encoding="iso8601">2024-02-08T17:34:00Z</mods:dateAccessioned>
   </mods:extension>
   <mods:originInfo>
      <mods:dateIssued encoding="iso8601">2022</mods:dateIssued>
   </mods:originInfo>
   <mods:identifier type="citation">Garashchuk, A.; Isla Castillo, F.; Podadera Rivera, P. The Empirical Evidence of EU–Russia Bilateral Trade under Sanctions and Oil Price Shocks. Sustainability 2022, 14, 7528.</mods:identifier>
   <mods:identifier type="uri">https://hdl.handle.net/10630/30209</mods:identifier>
   <mods:identifier type="doi">10.3390/su14137528</mods:identifier>
   <mods:abstract>After the annexation of Crimea in 2014, many EU–Russia projects such as the concept&#xd;
of Strategic Partnerships, negotiations on the New Basic Agreement, and the abolishment of visa&#xd;
regime, among other important issues, were suspended. On top of that, the parties involved imposed&#xd;
mutual sanctions which seriously damaged bilateral trade relationships. The present article aims to&#xd;
analyse EU–Russia bilateral trade under the sanctions and low oil prices together with such factors&#xd;
as the growth of Russian and the EU’s GDPs per capita, geographical distance between parties and&#xd;
devaluation of Russian currency by applying a gravity model. Moreover, the model allows us to&#xd;
carry out simulations of circumstances as they would likely have unfolded had the sanctions not&#xd;
been imposed and if oil prices had remained at a reasonable level.</mods:abstract>
   <mods:language>
      <mods:languageTerm>spa</mods:languageTerm>
   </mods:language>
   <mods:accessCondition type="useAndReproduction">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</mods:accessCondition>
   <mods:accessCondition type="useAndReproduction">open access</mods:accessCondition>
   <mods:accessCondition type="useAndReproduction">Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional</mods:accessCondition>
   <mods:subject>
      <mods:topic>Tratados comerciales</mods:topic>
   </mods:subject>
   <mods:titleInfo>
      <mods:title>The Empirical Evidence of EU-Russia Bilateral Trade Under Sanctions and Oil Price Shocks</mods:title>
   </mods:titleInfo>
   <mods:genre>journal article</mods:genre>
</mods:mods>
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