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   <dc:title>Runtime monitoring of 5G network slicing using STAn</dc:title>
   <dc:creator>Panizo-Jaime, Laura</dc:creator>
   <dc:creator>Gallardo-Melgarejo, María del Mar</dc:creator>
   <dc:creator>Luque Schempp, Francisco</dc:creator>
   <dc:creator>Merino-Gómez, Pedro</dc:creator>
   <dc:subject>Redes de ordenadores - Arquitecturas</dc:subject>
   <dc:subject>Sistemas de comunicaciones inalámbricos</dc:subject>
   <dc:subject>Sistemas expertos - Verificación</dc:subject>
   <dcterms:abstract>"This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation grant agreement PID2022-142181OB-I00 (LearnFDT)&#xd;
 and the Spanish Ministry of&#xd;
Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation project TSI-063000-2021-11 (5G+TACTILE-1) and the European Union Horizon 2020 Smart Networks and Services&#xd;
Joint Undertaking (SNS JU) under grant agreement 101096328 (6G-SANDBOX)."&#xd;
&#xd;
The most recent technology in the evolution of mobile networks is 5G, which is aimed at offering&#xd;
differentiated quality of service (QoS) to specific groups of users or devices. Such groups could&#xd;
include public safety agencies, connected vehicles, citizens streaming video content, fixed Internet&#xd;
of Things devices, etc. Insofar as each group has different requirements in terms of bandwidth,&#xd;
latency, error rate, coverage or other relevant quality indicators, the network can be divided&#xd;
into multiple slices, with each slice supporting a group’s requirements. Such network slicing is&#xd;
becoming a key feature for telecom operators, who need to face the challenge of validating its&#xd;
correct behavior.&#xd;
In this paper, we propose a monitoring system to check that a 5G network is offering slicing in the&#xd;
proper way. To this end, we use the tool STAn, a general purpose runtime verification tool where&#xd;
the requirements to be monitored are expressed using temporal formulae. The paper identifies&#xd;
first a list of requirements that define the expected behavior of network slicing.&#xd;
Then, we describe how the initial logic eLTL supported by STAn is extended to the so-called&#xd;
eXtended Event-driven Temporal Logic (xeLTL) in order to represent the slicing requirements.&#xd;
Finally, we validate that the new version of STAn and the catalogue of xeLTL formulae are suitable&#xd;
to monitor and check if real 5G networks properly support slicing. This way, we provide a complete&#xd;
new system for runtime monitoring of 5G network slicing.</dcterms:abstract>
   <dcterms:dateAccepted>2025-03-20T10:03:45Z</dcterms:dateAccepted>
   <dcterms:available>2025-03-20T10:03:45Z</dcterms:available>
   <dcterms:created>2025-03-20T10:03:45Z</dcterms:created>
   <dcterms:issued>2025-03-12</dcterms:issued>
   <dc:type>journal article</dc:type>
   <dc:identifier>Laura Panizo, María-del-Mar Gallardo, Francisco Luque-Schempp, Pedro Merino, Runtime monitoring of 5G network slicing using STAn, Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming, Volume 145, 2025, 101059, ISSN 2352-2208, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101059.</dc:identifier>
   <dc:identifier>https://hdl.handle.net/10630/38174</dc:identifier>
   <dc:identifier>10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101059</dc:identifier>
   <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
   <dc:rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</dc:rights>
   <dc:rights>open access</dc:rights>
   <dc:rights>Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional</dc:rights>
   <dc:publisher>Elsevier</dc:publisher>
</qdc:qualifieddc>
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