2026-05-31T16:19:43Zhttps://riuma.uma.es/rest/oai/request

oai:riuma.uma.es:10630/395682026-02-03T10:59:17Zcom_10630_2254col_10630_37953

Evaluation of a virtual objective structured clinical examination in the metaverse (Second Life) to assess the clinical skills in emergency radiology of medical students in Spain: a cross-sectional study Pérez-Baena, Alba Virtudes Rudolphi Solero, Teodoro Lorenzo Álvarez, Rocío Domínguez-Pinos, Dolores Ruiz-Gómez, Miguel José Sendra-Portero, Francisco Radiología médica - Estudio y enseñanza Enseñanza asistida por ordenador Purpose: The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is an effective but resource-intensive tool for assessing clinical competence. This study hypothesized that imple-menting a virtual OSCE in the Second Life (SL) platform in the metaverse as a cost-effective alternative will effectively assess and enhance clinical skills in emergency radiology while being feasible and well-received. The aim was to evaluate a virtual radiology OSCE in SL as a formative assessment, focusing on feasibility, educational impact, and students’ perceptions. Methods: Two virtual 6-station OSCE rooms dedicated to emergency radiology were developed in SL. Sixth-year medical students completed the OSCE during a 1-hour session in 2022–2023, followed by feedback including a correction checklist, individual scores, and group comparisons. Students completed a questionnaire with Likert-scale questions, a 10-point rating, and open-ended comments. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Student t-test and the Mann-Whitney U test, and qualitative data through thematic analysis. Results: In total, 163 students participated, achieving mean scores of 5.1±1.4 and 4.9±1.3 (out of 10) in the 2 virtual OSCE rooms, respectively (P=0.287). One hundred seventeen students evaluated the OSCE, praising the teaching staff (9.3±1.0), project organization (8.8±1.2), OSCE environment (8.7±1.5), training usefulness (8.6±1.5), and formative self-assessment (8.5±1.4). Likert-scale questions and students’ open-ended comments highlighted the virtual environment’s attractiveness, case selection, self-evaluation usefulness, project excellence, and training impact. Technical difficulties were reported by 13 students (8%). Conclusion: This study demonstrated the feasibility of incorporating formative OSCEs in SL as a useful teaching tool for undergraduate radiology education, which was cost-effec-tive and highly valued by students. 2025-07-29T11:03:50Z 2025-07-29T11:03:50Z 2025 journal article Perez-Baena AV, Rudolphi-Solero T, Lorenzo-Alvarez R, Dominguez-Pinos D, Ruiz-Gomez MJ, Sendra-Portero F. Evaluation of a virtual objective structured clinical examination in the metaverse (Second Life) to assess the clinical skills in emergency radiology of medical students in Spain: a cross-sectional study. J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2025;22:12. doi:10.3352/jeehp.2025.22.12 https://hdl.handle.net/10630/39568 10.3352/jeehp.2025.22.12 eng open access Korea Health Personnel Licensing Examination Institute