2026-06-05T18:07:07Zhttps://riuma.uma.es/rest/oai/request

oai:riuma.uma.es:10630/399582026-02-03T11:05:37Zcom_10630_2254col_10630_37953

Taxonomic and functional characteristics of the gut microbiota in obesity: A systematic review Díaz Perdigones, Cristina María Hinojosa-Nogueira, Daniel Rodríguez-Muñoz, Alba Subiri-Verdugo, Alba Vilches-Pérez, Alberto Mela, Virginia Tinahones-Madueño, Francisco José Moreno-Indias, Isabel Diversidad microbiana Metabolismo Obesidad This study has been funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through projects (PI18/01160) and (PI21/01677) and co-funded by the European Union. F.J.T. and I.M.-I. also obtained the UMA-FEDERJA-116 project, financed by the Andalusian Regional Government and co-financed with ERDF funds. In addition, C.M.D.-P. was supported by a Rio Hortega postdoctoral contract (CM23/00128) from ISCIII-Madrid (Spain) and D.H.-N. was supported by a Sara Borrell postdoctoral contract (CD23/00111) from ISCIII-Madrid (Spain). A.S.-V. was supported by a predoctoral PFIS (FI22/00193) from ISCIII-Madrid (Spain). V.M. was supported by the ‘Miguel Servet’ programme (CP22/00033) ofthe ISCIII-Madrid (Spain) and I.M.-I. was supported by the ‘Miguel Servet Type II’ programme (CPII21/00013) of the ISCIII-Madrid (Spain). Obesity is a growing public health problem. In recent decades, scientific evidence has linked gut microbiota to obesity. This systematic review summarizes current knowledge on the composition and functional differences in gut microbiota between individuals with obesity and those with normal weight. Following PRISMA 2020 recommendations, studies published in adult populations between January 2014 and May 2024 were reviewed. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for observational studies that had used advanced sequencing methods, such as 16S rRNA and shotgun metagenomics, to assess gut microbiota. The quality of these studies was also analyzed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Our review of 16 studies shows a reduction in microbial diversity in individuals with obesity. In addition, a higher relative abundance of the phylum Firmicutes, the families Enterobacteriaceae, Gemellaceae, Prevotellaceae, Streptococcaceae and Veillonellaceae, as well as the genera Blautia, Butyricimonas, Collinsella, Megamonas, and Streptococcus, while beneficial bacteria such as the families Porphyromonadaceae and Rikenellaceae, and the genera Bifidobacterium spp. and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, were depleted. Functional analysis showed a tendency to an increase in metabolic pathways associated with carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, with reduced pathways related to short-chain fatty acid production. Obesity is associated with altered gut microbiota composition and function. However, the variability across studies regarding population characteristics, dietary pattern, and sequencing techniques limits the comparability of findings. Future research should prioritize standardized methodologies and confounding factors to elucidate the role of the gut microbiome in obesity La obesidad supone un problema creciente de salud pública debido a su prevalencia. En las últimas décadas, la evidencia científica ha relacionado la microbiota intestinal con la obesidad. Esta revisión sistemática resume los conocimientos sobre la composición y funcionalidad de microbiota intestinal en personas con obesidad frente a los de peso normal. Siguiendo las recomendaciones de PRISMA 2020, se revisaron los estudios publicados entre enero de 2014 y mayo de 2024, en poblaciones adultas. Se buscaron en las bases de datos PubMed, Web of Science y Scopus estudios observacionales que hubieran utilizado métodos avanzados de secuenciación, como ARNr 16S y shotgun metagenomics, y fueron evaluados mediante la escala Newcastle-Ottawa. Nuestra revisión de 16 estudios expone una reducción de la diversidad microbiana en los individuos con obesidad. Además, una mayor abundancia relativa del filo Firmicutes, las familias Enterobacteriaceae, Gemellaceae, Prevotellaceae, Streptococcaceae y Veillonellaceae, así como los géneros Blautia, Butyricimonas, Collinsella, Megamonas, y Streptococcus, mientras que las familias beneficiosas Porphyromonadaceae y Rikenellaceae, así como los géneros Bifidobacterium spp y Faecalibacterium prausnitzii estaban mermados. El análisis funcional parece indicar un aumento de las vías metabólicas asociadas al metabolismo de los hidratos de carbono y los lípidos, con reducción de vías relacionadas con la producción de ácidos grasos de cadena corta. La obesidad se asocia con alteraciones en la composición y funcionalidad de la microbiota intestinal. La heterogeneidad entre estudios limita la comparabilidad, por lo que se recomienda estandarizar metodologías en futuras investigaciones 2025-09-17T11:23:27Z 2025-09-17T11:23:27Z 2025-09 2025-04 journal article C.M. Díaz Perdigones, D. Hinojosa Nogueira, A. Rodríguez Munoz ˜ et al., Taxonomic and functional characteristics of the gut microbiota in obesity: A systematic review, Endocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endinu.2025.501624 https://hdl.handle.net/10630/39958 10.1016/j.endinu.2025.501624 eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ open access Atribución 4.0 Internacional Elsevier