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oai:riuma.uma.es:10630/401542026-02-03T11:01:14Zcom_10630_2254col_10630_37953

How to proceed when both normality and sphericity are violated in repeated measures ANOVA. Blanca-Mena, María José Alarcón-Postigo, Rafael Arnau, Jaume García-Castro, F. Javier Bono Cabré, Roser Psicología - Metodología Análisis de varianza Montecarlo, Método de Adjusted F-tests have typically been proposed as an alternative to the F-statistic in repeated measures ANOVA. Despite considerable research, it remains unclear how these statistics perform under simultaneous violation of normality and sphericity. Accordingly, our aim here was to conduct a detailed examination of Type I error and power of the F-statistic and the Greenhouse-Geisser (F-GG) and Huynh-Feldt (F-HF) adjustments, manipulating the number of repeated measures (3-6), sample size (10-300), sphericity (Greenhouse-Geisser epsilon estimator, from its lower to upper limit), and distribution shape (slight to extreme deviations from normality). The findings show that the behavior of F-GG and F-HF depends on the degree of violation of both normality, sphericity, and sample size. Overall, we suggest using F-GG under violation of sphericity and slight or moderate deviations from normality in all sample size; with severe deviations from both normality and sphericity F-GG may be used with a sample size larger than 10; and with extreme deviation from both normality and sphericity this statistic may be used with a sample size larger than 30. In the event of discrepant results between F-GG and F-HF, the choice depends on the epsilon value. 2025-10-09T11:45:51Z 2025-10-09T11:45:51Z 2024-07-19 journal article Blanca, M. J., Alarcón, R., Arnau,J, García-Castro, F. J., & Bono, R. (2024). How to proceed when both normality and sphericity are violated in repeated measures ANOVA. Anales de Psicología, 40 (3), 466-480. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.594291 https://hdl.handle.net/10630/40154 10.6018/analesps.594291 eng Blanca-Mena, M. J. (2025). Data set. Power of the F-statistic, and Greenhouse-Geisser and Huyhn-Feldt adjusted F-tests in one-way repeated measures designs under violations of normality and sphericity. [Conjunto de datos]. En Datasets. https://doi.org/10.24310/riuma.40183 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ open access Atribución-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional Universidad de Murcia