2026-05-28T22:55:41Zhttps://riuma.uma.es/rest/oai/requestoai:riuma.uma.es:10630/407122026-02-03T11:29:22Zcom_10630_2254col_10630_37953
Inflammatory microglia are glycolytic and iron retentive and typify the microglia in APP/PS1 mice.
Holland, Roland
McIntosh, Allison
Finucane, Orla
Mela-Rivas, Virginia
Rubio-Araiz, Ana
Timmons, G.
McCarthy, S.
Gunko, Y.K.
Lynch, Marina Ann
Microglia
Glucólisis
Hierro - Metabolismo
Inflamación (Patología)
Modelos animales en investigación
Microglia, like macrophages, can adopt inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenotypes
depending on the stimulus. At the polar ends of the spectrum of phenotypes are the socalled M1-like inflammatory cells and M2-like anti-inflammatory cells that are stimulated
in vitro by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interferon- (IFN) and interleukin-4 (IL-4)
respectively. In macrophages, the evidence indicates that these phenotypes have different
metabolic profiles with M1-like cells switching to glycolysis as their main source of ATP
and M2-like cells utilizing oxidative phosphorylation. There is a paucity of information
regarding the metabolic signatures in inflammatory and anti-inflammatory microglial
phenotypes. Here, we polarized primary microglia with IFN and show that the
characteristic increases in nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and tumor necrosis factor-α
(TNF) were accompanied by increased glycolysis and an increase in the expression of 6-
phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase (PFKFB)3, an enzyme that plays a
significant role in driving glycolysis. These changes were associated with increased
expression of ferritin and retention of iron in microglia. In contrast with the IFN-induced
changes IL-4, which predictably increased mRNA expression of mannose receptor C, type
1 (MRC-1) and arginase 1 (Arg1), also increased oxygen consumption in microglia. The
data indicate distinct metabolic signatures of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory
microglia that are also distinguishable by their iron handling profiles.
2025-11-13T07:52:49Z
2025-11-13T07:52:49Z
2025-11-13T07:52:49Z
2018-02
journal article
Holland R, McIntosh AL, Finucane OM, Mela V, Rubio-Araiz A, Timmons G, McCarthy SA, Gun'ko YK, Lynch MA. Inflammatory microglia are glycolytic and iron retentive and typify the microglia in APP/PS1 mice. Brain Behav Immun. 2018 Feb;68:183-196. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.10.017. Epub 2017 Oct 20. PMID: 29061364.
https://hdl.handle.net/10630/40712
10.1016/j.bbi.2017.10.017
eng
open access
Elsevier