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The underground life of homeodomain-leucine zipper transcription factors Perotti, María Florencia Arce, Agustín L. Chan, Raquel Lía Raíces (Botánica) Factores de Transcripción Roots are the anchorage organs of plants, responsible for water and nutrient uptake, exhibiting high plasticity. Root architecture is driven by the interactions of biomolecules, including transcription factors and hormones that are crucial players regulating root plasticity. Multiple transcription factor families are involved in root development; some, such as ARFs and LBDs, have been well characterized, whereas others remain less well investigated. In this review, we synthesize the current knowledge about the involvement of the large family of homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) transcription factors in root development. This family is divided into four subfamilies (I–IV), mainly according to structural features, such as additional motifs aside from HD-Zip, as well as their size, gene structure, and expression patterns. We explored and analyzed public databases and the scientific literature regarding HD-Zip transcription factors in Arabidopsis and other species. Most members of the four HD-Zip subfamilies are expressed in specific cell types and several individuals from each group have assigned functions in root development. Notably, a high proportion of the studied proteins are part of intricate regulation pathways involved in primary and lateral root growth and development. 2021-03 journal article María Florencia Perotti, Agustín Lucas Arce, Raquel Lía Chan, The underground life of homeodomain-leucine zipper transcription factors, Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 72, Issue 11, 18 May 2021, Pages 4005–4021, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erab112 https://hdl.handle.net/10630/44665 10.1093/jxb/erab112 eng open access Oxford Academic