Since long time, fatigue crack closure has been studied by means of finite element
models. Initially by bi-dimensional models and recently, due to the higher computational
capabilities, the use of three-dimensional models has been extended, providing a wider
comprehension of the problem. Starting with the methodology used for 2D cases, a specific
methodology for 3D models has been developed. Key parameters affecting the model have been
analyzed and recommendations have been established. The numerical accuracy is evaluated in
terms of crack closure and opening values. They main issues studied are the material behaviour, the
loading cycles and crack growth scheme, the contact simulation, the meshing and the element size
at the crack tip and along the thickness, the plastic wake computed and the opening and closure
definition considered. This paper summarises the main learning and recommendations from the
latest numerical modelling experience of the authors.
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