State control over Greece’s agricultural institutions increased during Metaxas’ authoritarian
regime (1936-1941). Analyzing such state control allows us to address, in the Greek context,
two questions with regard to fascist agrarian regimes. First, considering the trajectory of
agricultural policy before the emergence of these regimes, how much of what they did was
new, and how much was not? Second, how did the cadres of agricultural specialists
participate in, or at least accommodate, the new regimes? Our research shows that Metaxas
received support from the agronomists that had been active in Greece under previous liberal
administrations. Such support did not take the form of laudatory statements or ideologydriven activism. It was rather a discreet acceptance of the new circumstances, combined with
defection from one’s previous political camp. Metaxas’ dictatorship inherited most traits that
made it a fascist agricultural regime from previous liberal administrations.
