Objetive: Chronic ankle instability is generally associated with ankle sprain. Its consequences can be measured
by means of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). The aim of this review is to identify the
PROMs specifically available for chronic ankle instability and to evaluate their methodological quality and
that of the cross-cultural adaptations made.
Data Sources: Papers were retrieved fromPubMed, Embase, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, with no
time limit applied, based on the following inclusion criteria: (1) type of participants: patients with chronic ankle
instability, over 18 years of age; (2)type of study: those specifically focused on this pathology, using PROMs
specific to chronic ankle instability and published in English; (3) type of outcome: measurement properties
based on COSMIN criteria in patient-reported outcomes associated with chronic ankle instability.
Methods: This systematic review, following the COSMIN checklist, was conducted to determine the
methodological quality of PROMs specific to foot and ankle pathologies, for patients presenting chronic
ankle instability.
Results: Of the 576 studies identified in the initial search, 34 were included in the final analysis of measurement
properties. Four – the Ankle Instability Instrument, the Chronic Ankle Instability Scale, the
Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool and the Identification of Functional Ankle Instability – were original
questionnaires, and the remaining 30 were cross-cultural adaptations.
Conclusion: The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool and the Identification of Functional Ankle Instability
questionnaires can be useful instruments for evaluating chronic ankle instability, both in patients with this
condition and also in non-pathological patients.
