Novel molecularly imprinted impedimetric biosensor based on polypyrrole and decorated graphene oxide for the routine monitoring of Lysozyme

Abstract

In this work, a novel molecularly imprinted polymer based on polypyrrole (PPy) and decorated graphene oxide (GO@Fe3O4) was developed for the sensitive detection of lysozyme (LYS). The synthesized material (MIPPy/GO@Fe3O4) was electrodeposited with LYS as a template on gold microelectrodes. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to confirm the adequate preparation of GO@Fe3O4, and the characterization of the resulting microsensors was carried out with the following analytical techniques: electrochemical impedance spectrometry (EIS), FT-IR analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An equivalent circuit was suggested to quantitatively analyse each component of the sensor system. EIS was also used for the determination of LYS in a wide linear range from 1 to 1 105 pg/mL, presenting good precision (RSD ≈ 10%, n = 5) and low limits of detection and quantification (LOD = 0.009 pg/mL and LOQ = 0.9 pg/mL, respectively). Meanwhile, the microsensor showed a high sensitivity, a good selectivity and reproducibility. The construction process was relatively simple, and provided a rapid and economical method for the routine monitoring of LYS. The microsensor was successfully applied for the detection of this protein in fresh chicken-egg white sample and commercial drug.