Quantification of Virion-Sense and Complementary-Sense DNA Strands of Circular Single-Stranded DNA Viruses
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Fontes, Elizabeth P. B.
Mäkinen, Kristiina
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Springer Nature
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Abstract
Los virus de ADN monocatenario circular (ssDNA) están ampliamente distribuidos en procariotas y eucariotas, y su caracterización es esencial para comprender sus interacciones con los hospedadores. Este capítulo presenta un método sensible, rápido y específico para cuantificar las hebras en el sentido del virión (VS) y en el antisentido o complementario (CS) generadas durante la infección por virus ssDNA circulares, incluidos geminivirus como TYLCSV y TYLCV. El protocolo consta de una qPCR en dos pasos: primero, una copia única y específica de cada hebra mediante un cebador específico de cadena etiquetado y la ADN polimerasa T4, sin actividad de desplazamiento de hebra; después, la eliminación del cebador y la cuantificación por qPCR usando un cebador de etiqueta y uno específico. El método permite la cuantificación absoluta usando curvas estándar generadas con ssDNA o dsDNA circulares. Su aplicación en infecciones de tomate y Nicotiana benthamiana reveló diferencias en las relaciones VS/CS entre virus y hospedadores, y mostró que la mayoría de moléculas CS derivan de intermediarios de replicación de doble cadena. Esta técnica facilita el análisis detallado del proceso replicativo y de la dinámica de infección de virus ssDNA circulares.
Circular single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses are widespread in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and analyzing their replication dynamics is essential for understanding virus–host interactions. This chapter describes a rapid, sensitive, and strand-specific method for quantifying virion-sense (VS) and complementary-sense (CS) DNA strands produced during infection by circular ssDNA viruses, including geminiviruses such as TYLCSV and TYLCV. The protocol involves a two-step qPCR: a first step in which a single copy of each strand is synthesized using a tagged strand-specific primer and T4 DNA polymerase lacking strand-displacement activity, followed by removal of unincorporated primers and a second qPCR step using a tag primer and a specific primer. Absolute quantification is achieved using standard curves generated from circular ssDNA or dsDNA. Application of this method to tomato and Nicotiana benthamiana infections revealed differences in VS/CS ratios between viruses and hosts and showed that most CS molecules derive from double-stranded replicative intermediates. This approach enables detailed examination of replication dynamics in circular ssDNA viruses.
Circular single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses are widespread in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and analyzing their replication dynamics is essential for understanding virus–host interactions. This chapter describes a rapid, sensitive, and strand-specific method for quantifying virion-sense (VS) and complementary-sense (CS) DNA strands produced during infection by circular ssDNA viruses, including geminiviruses such as TYLCSV and TYLCV. The protocol involves a two-step qPCR: a first step in which a single copy of each strand is synthesized using a tagged strand-specific primer and T4 DNA polymerase lacking strand-displacement activity, followed by removal of unincorporated primers and a second qPCR step using a tag primer and a specific primer. Absolute quantification is achieved using standard curves generated from circular ssDNA or dsDNA. Application of this method to tomato and Nicotiana benthamiana infections revealed differences in VS/CS ratios between viruses and hosts and showed that most CS molecules derive from double-stranded replicative intermediates. This approach enables detailed examination of replication dynamics in circular ssDNA viruses.
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This is an Author Accepted Manuscript version of the following chapter:
Rodríguez-Negrete, E. A., & Grande-Pérez, A., “Quantification of Virion-Sense and Complementary-Sense DNA Strands of Circular Single-Stranded DNA Viruses”, published in Plant–Virus Interactions, edited by E. P. B. Fontes & K. Mäkinen, 2024, Springer Nature. Reproduced with permission of Springer Nature. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3485-1_8
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Bibliographic citation
2024. En E. P. B. Fontes & K. Mäkinen (eds.), Plant–Virus Interactions, Methods in Molecular Biology, Vol. 2724, pp. 93–109. Springer Nature, New York.









